CAREER :Becoming a genetic engineer: Education and Career Roadmap

Becoming a genetic engineer: Education and Career Roadmap

Genetic Engineer Requirements

Genetic engineers alter genes in order to improve the biological capabilities of humans, plants and animals. Their main goal is to help people lead quality lives. Genetic engineers who treat human patients with genetic illnesses are called gene therapists; they may be physicians who hold both medical and doctoral (Ph.D.) degrees. Other genetic engineers work in non-medical environments as biochemists and biophysicists, exploring living organisms such as plants used as food crops. The following table outlines the primary requirements employers look for in genetic engineers.

Common Requirements

Degree Level Bachelor's or master's degree for entry-level careers; doctoral degree for independent research careers  *  Degree Field(s) Biochemistry, biophysics or related fields  * Key Skills Strong understanding of scientific methods and rules, complex problem solving, critical thinking**

Computer Skills Ability to use computer aided design (CAD) software, graphics or photo imaging software, PERL, Python, analytical software programs and word processing software programs**

Technical Skills Ability to use lasers, spectrometers, light scattering equipment, binocular light compound microscopes, benchtop centrifuges or similar laboratory equipment**

Additional Requirements Excellent mathematical, deductive and inductive reasoning skills; reading, writing, and oral comprehension skills**

Step 1: Earn a Bachelor's  :DegreeA genetic engineer starts by earning a bachelor's degree, typically in a branch of the physical sciences, such as biology or chemistry. Some schools offer undergraduate programs in genetic engineering or in closely-related fields such as biological engineering. Curricula typically include rigorous courses in calculus, biology, chemistry and physics.

Step 2: Earn an Advanced Degree  :A bachelor's degree may be sufficient educational preparation for some entry-level careers in genetic engineering. However, many employers only hire candidates with advanced degrees (master's or Ph.D.). Advanced degree programs allow aspiring genetic engineers to gain valuable experience through laboratory-based research. To carry out genetic engineering research independently, one should expect to earn a doctoral degree.

Success Tip: :Be part of an internship program. While attending a graduate school, it is a good idea for students to participate in an internship program to gain experience. Universities often have fellowship and research programs that allow students to receive relevant training before leaving the academic environment. The Biomedical Engineering Society (BMES), The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and other professional or governmental organizations in the field may post internship opportunities.

Step 3: Gain Work Experience :Genetic engineering is a broad field. Engineers can specialize in agriculture, healthcare and other specialties. They may work as molecular biologists, breast cancer researchers, forensic scientists and genetic counselors, among other positions. These careers can be found at universities, healthcare organizations, research and development firms, pharmaceutical companies, hospitals and government agencies.